JAVS Spring 2022

For whatever reason, the viola was mostly ignored by the great Romantic composers and Romantic-style viola pieces are only recently gaining attention. Other composers from Palaschko’s generation, like Hermann, Firket, Rougnon, Sitt, Cassadesus, Blumenthal, Arends, and Enescu, wrote lovely viola works, but failed to receive attention amongst historians and little is known of their lives or social spheres. The fact that Palaschko is another forgotten composer is no great surprise; but his impact and legacy should not be forgotten. His existing contribution is to the advancement of viola performance with his viola etudes. The timing of their creation came at important time for viola pedagogy. For years, viola was taught alongside the violin but at the turn of the 20 th century, the viola emerged as an independent instrument, starting with Paris Conservatoire’s creation of its first viola class in 1896. 25 With the emancipation of viola from violin teaching studios, new viola material needed to be created to meet new demands of viola teachers and students. Palaschko provided over 200 viola etudes, some with piano accompaniment, for all levels of playing: from beginner to professional. Some etudes facilitate left hand dexterity with passage work and homo-rhythmic fast notes, while others focus on phrasing and bow fluidity with long melodic passages that suit the viola’s character and range better than any transcribed “classic” work. The biography of Johannes Palaschko has been examined, detailed, and flourished based on the evidence found in music journals. What the evidence revealed was a variety of public achievements during his life. The recognition began as a young talented violinist and composer, then moving to a professional career at the Conservatory and continued to compose and publish. The composer’s legacy for violin and viola pedagogy lives on in his soundscapes that continue to transport and entertain students, teachers, and audiences. Notes 1 Landsarchiv Berlin, Namenverzeichnis Geburtenregister, Standesmat - Berlin IX Nr. 368 , Berlin, Germany: Landsarchiv Berlin, (July 13, 1877). 2 E.H. Muller, Deutsches Musiker-Lexicon, (Dreden: Wilhelm Limpert-Verlag, 1920), 1028-1029. 3 Ibid., 1028. 4 “Back Matter,” The Musical Times and Singing Class Circular 34:608 (1893): 638; London’s The Musical Times and Singing Class Circular would later become The Musical Times which published academic articles, music reviews, information about new publications, and other general music information and advertisements. 5 Friedrich Hofmeister, “Palaschko, Johannes,” Musikalisch-literarischer Monatsbericht (1894): 335. 6 Friedrich Hofmeister, Musikalisch-literarischer Monatsbericht , (1829).. 7 “Mozart, Wolfgang Amadues Alphabetical catalog of music sources 1984-2000,” SLUB Catalogue .

8 E.H. Muller, Deutsches Musiker-Lexicon, (Dreden: Wilhelm Limpert-Verlag, 1920): 1028-1029. 9 Friedrich Hofmeister, Palaschko, Johannes, Musikalisch-literarischer: Monatsbericht (1898): 455. 10 Fr. Kistner, Signale fur die Musikalische Welt , (1900): 813. 11 K.L., “Eine Renheiten fur Violin mit Begleitung des Pianoforte,” Signale fur die Musikalische Welt no. 55 (1900):1. 12 Wilhelm Altmann, “Johannes Palaschko: Zehn Kunstler-Etuden,” Die Musik (January 1, 1910): 50 &123. 13 Joël Belgique, “The Viola Etudes of Johannes Palaschko,” in Journal of the American Viola Society 8:3, 1992: 4. 14 C.F. Schmidt, “Zehn Viola-Studien,” Die Music (January 1, 1911): XI. 15 Emil Thilio, “Johannes Palaschko: Zehn Viola-Studien,” Die Musik (January 1, 1913): 255. 16 Bernhard Schuster, “Neue Werke fur Den Konzertsaal,” Die Musik (January 1, 1931): 317. 17 Berlin Scherl, “Palaschko, Johannes,” Berliner Adressbuch (2006). 18 Karl Thiessen, “Paul Klengel, Op. 46,” Signale fur die Musikalische Welst (February 18, 1914): 284 19 Alfred Heuss, “Leipzig,” Zeitschrift fur Musik (January 1, 1924): 95. 20 B.V., “New Music,” The Musical Times (August 1, 1924): 715. 21 Karl Thiessen, “Neue Musikalien,” Signale fur dir Musikalische Welt (October 16, 1929): 22. 22 Paul Rich, “Johannes Palaschko: Opus 92,” Zeitschrift fur Musik (January 1, 1930): 231 & 471. 23 Karl Thiessen, “Neue Unterrichtsmusik,” Signale fur die Musikalische Welt (Decemeber 2, 1931): 36. 24 Hector Berlioz, A Treatise on Modern Instrumentation and Orchestration (London & New York: Novello, Ewer and Co., 1882), 25. 25 Jutta Puchhammer-Sédillot, Pièces du Concours, Compact Disc Notes, Accessed Dec. 4, 2021. Authors, P. “Johannes Palaschko.” Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia (2020). https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johannes_Palaschko Berlioz, H. A Treatise on Modern Instrumentation and Orchestration . London & New York: Novello, Ewer and Co., 1882. B.V. “New Music.” The Musical Times (August 1, 1924). Accessed June 6, 2020: www.jstor.org/stable/912267 Bernsdorf, G. “Berliner Rachricten.” Signale fur die Musikalische Welt (January 10, 1899). Accessed June 6, 2020: http://anno. onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=smw&qid=DB17 18FXVQ7OLHYXCFVL0JXFEBB8GD&size=45&dat um=18990110_0160. “Mozart, Wolfgang Amadues Alphabetical catalog of music sources 1984-2000.” SLUB Catalogue (2020). Accessed June 4, 2020: https://digital.slub-dresden.de/werkansicht/ dlf/106939/175/0/. Chop, M. “Unterrichts und Studienwerke.” Signale fur die Musikalische Welt (August 27, 1924). Accessed June 6, 2020: http:// anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?aid=smw&datum=19 24&page=1047&size=45&qid=LSNZBQKA27DSSTWKK RGV7XJGATD80A. Bibliography Altmann, W. “Johannes Palaschko: Zehn Kunstler-Etuden.” Die Musik (January 1, 1910). Accessed May 15, 2020: https://archive.org/details/ DieMusik09jg1qBd.331909-1910/page/n165/ mode/2up?q=palaschko.

Journal of the American Viola Society / Vol. 38, No. 1, Spring 2022

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